8.4. Gradient Line Arrays
When gradient pairs are assembled into a line array, the resulting directivity exhibits both gradient and broadside characteristics.
Figure 28 shows the radiation pattern of a gradient line array that is only two boxes tall, which is too short to exhibit broadside array behavior.
The pattern is a simple cardioid of rotation.
Figure 29 shows the pattern of a gradient line array that is long enough to exhibit broadside behavior.
Its pattern is a flattened cardioid of rotation.
In practice, gradient line arrays can be constructed from purpose-built gradient loudspeakers such as the EV XCS-312 subwoofer, or from two columns of conventional loudspeakers, stacked or flown one behind the other.