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As will be remembered, sound in audio recording is in three states: physical dimensions, perceived parameters, and artistic elements.
The artistic elements are the resources of the recordist for artistic expression. The perceived parameters translate into the artistic elements:
(1) pitch becomes pitch levels and relationships;
(2) loudness becomes dynamic levels and relationships;
(3) duration becomes rhythmic patterns and rate of activity;
(4) timbre becomes sound sources and sound quality;
(5) space becomes spatial properties.
The audio production process provides the resources for considerable variation, and the very refined control of ALL of the artistic elements of sound. This allows all of the artistic elements of sound to be accurately and precisely controlled through many states of variation, in ways that were possible with ONLY pitch on traditional musical instruments.
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THE STATES OF SOUND IN AUDIO RECORDING
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PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS
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PERCEIVED PARAMETERS
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ARTISTIC ELEMENTS
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(Acoustic State)
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(Psychoacoustic Conception)
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(Resources for Artistic Expression)
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Frequency
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Pitch
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Pitch Levels & Relationships
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melodic lines, chords, register, range, tonal organization, textural density, pitch areas, vibrato
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Amplitude
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Loudness
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Dynamic Levels & Relationships
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dynamic contour, emphasis accent, tremolo, balance (dynamic relationships of sound sources)
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Time
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Duration
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Rhythmic Patterns & Rates of Activities
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time perception
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tempo, time, patterns of durations
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Timbre
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Timbre
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Sound Sources and Sound Quality
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(comprised of physical components: dynamic envelope, spectrum, & spectral envelope)
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(perceived as overall quality; defined by the definition of fundamental frequency and by the analysis of the Physical Dimensions)
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sound sources, groupings of sound sources, instrumentation, performance intensity, texture (quality of the overall sound), performance techniques
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Space
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Space
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Spatial Properties
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(comprised of physical components created by the interaction of the sound source & the environment, and their relationship to a receptor)
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(perception of the sound source as it interacts with the environment, and perception of the physical relationship of the sound source to the listener)
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lateral (stereo) location, imaging, distance, moving sources, depth of sound stage, phantom images, environmental characteristics, space within space
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